Reinforcement sensitivity of sex offenders and non-offenders: an experimental and psychometric study of reinforcement sensitivity theory.
نویسندگان
چکیده
This study tested predictions of Gray's Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST) in subgroups of sex offenders and male non-offenders using an experimental choice task consisting of a reward and a non-reward phase. In addition, RST-related psychometric measures were used. Both experimental and psychometric data were of interest to determine whether sex offenders could be reliably differentiated from non-offenders. Paraphilic (N=50) and impulse control-disordered (N=48) sex offenders showed greater sensitivity to continuous reward than male non-offenders (N=51). Impulse control-disordered sex offenders showed less behavioural adaptation under non-reward than both paraphilic sex offenders and male non-offenders. In addition, reward sensitivity, rash-spontaneous impulsivity, and anxiety measures discriminated sex offenders from male non-offenders. The results suggest that reinforcement sensitivity is a promising personality trait for differentiating subgroups of sex offenders from non-offenders. The experimental and psychometric results illustrate that predictive accuracy in forensic settings could be improved by combining several types of data.
منابع مشابه
Psychometric Properties of Carver and White's (1994) BIS/BAS Scales in a Large Sample of Offenders.
Contemporary motivational theories of psychopathy (Lykken, 1995) employ constructs from Gray's Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST; Gray, 1982), behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and behavioral activation system (BAS) functioning, to explain etiologic differences in psychopathy subtypes. Carver and White's (1994) BIS/BAS scales are the most widely used measures of these constructs, yet there...
متن کاملطرحوارههای ناسازگار نخستین در مجرمان جنسی و غیرجنسی
Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare early maladaptive schemas in sex and non-sex offenders. Methods: In current descriptive post-hoc study, 45 sex offenders were selected by voluntary sampling method from Tehran Ghezel Hesar and Karaj Rajaei Shahr prisons. Forty five homogeneous non-sex offenders in terms of age, marital status, education and job were selected from Karaj detention ...
متن کاملThe Discriminational Role of Reinforcement sensitivity theory, Emotion Regulation Processes Strategies and Cognitive Flexibility in Discrimination of People with Internet Addiction
The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the discrimination role of reinforcement sensitivity theory, emotion regulation processes strategies and cognitive flexibility in discrimination of people with internet addiction. The research design was a two-group diagnostic function. The study population included Internet user students at Imam Khomeini International University in Qa...
متن کاملمقایسه نظریه خاص ذهن سوء استفاده کنندگان جنسی از زنان با افراد عادی
Background : The main purpose of this study was to investigate comparative special theory of mind to women sexual offender with normal people. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, the target population was all sex offender prisoners aged 20 to 35 in Urmia during years 2009-2010. From this population 30 sex offenders of women were selected using random sampling method. As well as ...
متن کاملMajor depressive disorder: a study based on revised-reinforcement sensitivity theory of personality
Background: Study of personality can help to explanation of pathology in mental disorders. The aim of this study was to examine major depressive disorder (MDD) based on revised- reinforcement sensitivity theory (r-RST). Materials and Methods: Forty-five patients with MDD along with 45 healthy individuals as a control group participated in the present study. Following the informed consent f...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- British journal of psychology
دوره 99 Pt 3 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2008